Definition and Examples of Adjectives

An adjective is a part of speech (or word class) that modifies a noun or a pronoun.  In addition to their basic (or positive) forms (for example, big and beautiful), most adjectives have two other forms: comparative (bigger and more beautiful) and superlative (biggest and most beautiful). Adjectives often—but not always—serve as modifiers, providing additional information about another word or word group, such as a noun or noun phrase. But adjectives can also  themselves  act as nouns in a sentence. Learning a few basic grammatical rules and recognizing the various types of adjectives will have you correctly using these important parts of speech in no time. Below are the main types of adjectives you are likely to encounter in English, together with accompanying explanations for each. Absolute Adjectives An  absolute adjective—such as  supreme  or  infinite—is an adjective with a meaning that cannot be  intensified  or  compared. It is also known as an  incomparable,  ultimate, or  absolute modifier.  English Language Centres  gives this example of an absolute adjective: He is dead. In the sentence, the word  dead  is an absolute adjective. The person is either  dead  or he is not, says the firm that offers online and in-person English language courses. You cannot be  deader  than someone else and you cannot be the  deadest  among a group. According to some  style guides, absolute adjectives are always in the  superlative degree. However, some absolute adjectives can be quantified by the addition of the word  almost,  nearly, or  virtually. Attributive  and  Predicative Adjectives An  attributive adjective  usually comes before the  noun  it modifies without a  linking verb. For example, take this sentence from  Maya Angelous work I Know Why the Caged Bird Sings: In those  tender  mornings, the Store was full of laughing, joking, boasting, and bragging. The word  tender  is an attributive adjective because it precedes and modifies the noun  mornings.  Attributive adjectives are direct  modifiers  of  nominals. By contrast, a  predicative adjective  usually comes  after  a  linking verb  rather than  before  a  noun. Another term for a predicative adjective is a  subject complement. The Oxford Online Living Dictionaries gives this example: The cat is  black. In general,  when adjectives are used after a verb such as  be,  become,  grow,  look,  or  seem, they’re called  predicative  adjectives, says the dictionary. Appositive Adjectives An appositive adjective is a traditional grammatical term for an  adjective  (or a series of adjectives) that follows a  noun  and, like a  nonrestrictive  appositive, is set off by  commas  or  dashes. For example: Arthur was a big boy,  tall, strong, and broad-shouldered.– Janet B. Pascal, Arthur Conan Doyle: Beyond Baker Street As the example shows, appositive adjectives often appear in pairs or groups of three, called  tricolons. Comparative and Superlative Adjectives The  comparative  adjective is the form of an  adjective  involving the comparisons of more or less as well as  greater or lesser. Comparative adjectives in English are either marked by the  suffix  -er  (as in the  faster  bike) or identified by the word  more  or  less  (the  more difficult  job). Almost all  one-syllable  adjectives, along with some two-syllable adjectives, add  -er  to the  base  to form the comparative. In most adjectives of two or more  syllables, the comparative is identified by the word  more  or  less. The  superlative adjective, by comparison, is the form or  degree  of an  adjective that indicates the most or the least of something. Superlatives are either marked by the  suffix  -est  (as in the  fastest  bike) or identified by the word  most  or  least  (the  most difficult  job). Similar to comparative adjectives, almost all  one-syllable  adjectives, along with some two-syllable adjectives, add  -est  to the  base  to form the superlative.  In most adjectives of two or more  syllables, the superlative is identified by the word  most  or  least.  Not all adjectives have superlative forms. After a superlative,  in  or  of  plus a  noun phrase  can be used to indicate what is being compared (as in the  tallest  building  in  the world and the  best  time  of  my life). Compound Adjectives A compound adjective is made up of two or more words (such as  part-time  and  high-speed) that act as a single idea to  modify  a  noun  (a  part-time  employee, a  high-speed  chase). Compound adjectives are also called phrasal adjectives  or  compound modifiers. As a general rule, the words in a compound adjective are  hyphenated  when they come before a noun (a  well-known  actor) but not when they come after (The actor is  well known). Compound adjectives formed with an  adverb  ending in  -ly  (such as  rapidly changing) are usually not hyphenated. Demonstrative Adjectives A  demonstrative adjective  is a  determiner  that comes before and  points to a particular  noun. Indeed, a  demonstrative adjective is sometimes called a  demonstrative determiner. For example: Son, take  this  bat and hit  that  ball out of the park. There are four demonstratives in English: The near demonstratives:  this  and  theseThe far demonstratives:  that  and  thoseThe  singular  demonstratives:  this  and  thatThe plural  demonstratives:  these  and  those Denominal Adjectives A  denominal adjective  is formed from  a  noun, usually with the addition of a  suffix—such as  hopeless, earthen, cowardly, childish, and  Reaganesque. An example would be: Our new neighborhood seemed romantic, somehow, and very  San  Franciscoish, especially to a couple of young people who hailed from Idaho. In this sentence, the  proper noun  San Francisco is altered with the suffix  -ish  to form the denominal adjective. These kinds of adjectives can heighten the drama and descriptiveness of a sentence, as in this example: The presidents oration was...Lincolnian  in its cadences, and in some ways, was the final, impassioned, heart-felt rebuke to all those, including his opponent, who tried to portray him as somehow un-American.– Andrew Sullivan, The American President.  The Daily Beast, Nov. 7, 2012 Nominal Adjectives The term  nominal  adjective  refers to an adjective or group of adjectives that function  as  a noun. The Complete English Grammar Rules by Farlex International notes that nominal adjectives are generally preceded by the word the and can be found as the subject or the object of a sentence or clause. For example: The elderly are a great source of wisdom. The word  elderly  generally acts as a true adjective—an  elderly  gentleman—but in the previous sentence, it functions as a  collective noun  and as the subject of the sentence. Nominal adjectives  are also known as substantive  adjectives.   Participial Adjectives A  participial adjective  is an  adjective  that has the same form as the  participle  (a  verb  ending in  -ing  or  -ed/-en) and usually exhibits the ordinary properties of an adjective. For example: What kind of a man was he to fall in love with a  lying  thief?– Janet Dailey, The Hostage Bride In the sentence, the verb  lie  is altered by adding the ending  -ing to form the participial adjective  lying, which then describes the noun  thief.  Also, the comparative  and  superlative  forms of participial adjectives are formed with  more  and  most  and less  and  least—not with the endings  -er  and  -est. Adjectival Observations Not everyone is a fan of adjectives. Constance Hale, in Sin and Syntax: How to Craft Wickedly Effective Prose, noted that the famous humorist and author Mark Twain had some rather negative comments about this part of speech: When you catch an  adjective, kill it. No, I dont mean utterly, but kill most of them—then the rest will be valuable. They weaken when they are close together. They give strength when they are wide apart.​ And in his 2002 memorial  eulogy  to former British Cabinet Minister Barbara Castle, Foreign Secretary Jack Straw recalled her remark: Bugger the  adjectives. Its the nouns and verbs people want.– Ned Halley, Dictionary of Modern English Grammar Nouns generally  are  the subject of a sentence, while verbs do  describe the action or state of being. But used effectively and correctly, as you see from the previous examples, adjectives can indeed  enhance many sentences by adding colorful, vivid, and detailed  description, increasing interest in an otherwise mundane sentence.

Informative Speech Spinal Cord Injuries Essay - 968 Words

PURPOSE: To inform my audience about people in the United States living with spinal cord injuries There are about a quarter of a million people in the United States living with spinal cord injuries. In addition, between 7,600 and 10,000 new injuries occur each year. Nearly half of these new injuries will occur in young people between the ages of 16 and 30. I have become very interested in the research to find a cure for spinal cord injuries and hope to share some of the information I found with you today. In order for you to fully understand the details I will be sharing with you, I’d like to begin†¦show more content†¦Surgery used to remove fluid, tissue, or bone fragments, or to stabilize fractured vertebrae by fusing bones or inserting hardware has also proven to be one of the most thorough measures to prevent further harm. I received both of these treatments after my accident, and they are the same that have been used for the past decade. Until recently, doctors had no way of limiting such disabilities, aside from stabilizing the cord to prevent added destruct ion, treating infections, and prescribing rehabilitative therapy to maximize any remaining capabilities. Within the past few years, however, scientists have made many new advancements. The United States Food and Drug Administration has approved 2 electronic systems that regulate muscles by sending electrical signals through implanted wires, called functional electrical stimulation (FES). Some proteins have been found to promote nerve growth and restore limb function and sensation when administered directly into injured areas of rats. Another experiment with paralyzed rats found that when immature spinal cells from adult rats were induced to grow, then implanted in the gaps of the animals’ spinal cords, limited movement was produced. One very important discovery that has been made is that of a so-called ‘no-go’ gene which scientists say may block the regrowth of nerves. The research going onShow MoreRelatedEssay about Stages of Spinal Cord Injury Research1096 Words   |  5 Pages(THIS WAS AN INFORMATIVE SPEECH I DID FOR MY COM220 CLASS ON THE STAGES OF SPINAL CORD INJURY RESEARCH. IT ACTED AS AN INTRODUCTION TO MY PERSUASIVE SPEECH ON THE BENEFITS OF STEM CELL RESEARCH) There are about a quarter of a million people in the United States living with spinal cord injuries. In addition, between 7,600 and 10,000 new injuries occur each year. Nearly half of these new injuries will occur in young people between the ages of 16 and 30. As a person in this category, I have becomeRead MoreInformative Speech : Strokes Of Young Adults1239 Words   |  5 PagesDanielle Sinquefield Informative Outline Topic: Strokes in Young Adults General Purpose To Inform Specific Purpose: To educate my audience on the causes, symptoms, and preventive measures of strokes in young adults. Thesis: Strokes are commonly associated with old age, symptoms and awareness are often unnoticed in young adults due to ambiguity about strokes. I. Introduction A. Attention Getter: As young adults, many of us may feel immune from ailments typically associated with theRead MoreHcs120r1 Week 2 Terms Worksheet 1 FINAL2219 Words   |  9 Pagesperson can go to get medical treatment and health diagnoses Hospitals and Healthcare facilities are a key factor that influence healthcare because this is where healthcare providers can utilize their skills to help individuals with their diseases, injuries or illnesses. By providing a treatment solution. Ambulatory care facility Ambulatory Care is care where you dont have to get hospitalized. Its a facility where you mostly receive medical care or services on an outpatient basis. Ambulatory careRead MoreThe Central Nervous System14042 Words   |  57 Pagescollection of hundreds of billions of specialized and interconnected cells through which messages are sent between the brain and the rest of the body. The nervous system consists of the central nervous system (CNS) which is made up of the brain and the spinal cord, and the peripheral nervous system (PNS) which is the nerves that link the CNS to the skin, muscles, and glands., the neurons that link the CNS to our skin, muscles, and glands. And we will see that our behavior is also influenced in large partRead MoreDiseases and Its Impact on Humans6722 Words   |  27 PagesImage Masters Printing Station – 17 Harbour Street, Shop 12 I thank them for their support and guidance during the preparation of this assignment. I would also like to thank my Biology teacher, Ms. K. Reid, for assigning us this interesting and informative assignment. To the staff at the Image Masters Printing Station, I express sincere thanks for your efficient service. Last but not least, I would like to thank God, for without him nothing is possible. Introduction This research is aimed at informing

Project Management Essays - 767 Words

Experience plays a major role in managing a project. The project manager needs to know the subject to some degree and have a good idea as to what types of resources are available to complete a project. A project manager also needs to have a good idea of what steps should happen to manage a project from start to finish. Experience is the only thing that can help really refine the process and to allow a process to come in most economically. The need to ask the right questions comes from repetitively working on projects. Knowing what to ask and how to ask questions of the receiving parties takes skill and practice. Just asking the question and not being able to analyze it for the real meaning takes someone who can interpret what people are†¦show more content†¦This could cause the project to fail even before it begins. Attitude really can make or break a project. If a different project manager has had great experiences previously with similar projects, he or she could make their current project come in ahead of schedule and under budget. Experience does play a lot into these negative and positive attitudes but also the relationship of the project manager with the people that the project is for or the project team can affect the outcome or even the start of a project. If the project manager has had positive experiences with these people the project will run much more smoothly and probably come out quite successfu l but if there are personality conflicts or a myriad of different negative items between these parties a project could complete very poorly or even fail. The type of team that works on a project also affects the outcome greatly. If this team has worked on other projects that were similar in type and scope of the project they were assigned they have a great wealth of knowledge that can be shared among each other. 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The Effects of Catheters on our Body-Free-Samples for Students

Question: Disucuss about the Post-Operative Patient with Urinary Catheter Associated With Urinary Tract Infection. Answer: Introduction Urinary tract infection (UTI) is the most prevalent disease found among the male and female elderly patients admitted in hospitals. UTI is caused by the bacterial infection due to long term use of catheter. The patient often experiences cloudy or bloody urine with foul odor and pain in urination. As a nurse, they should conduct proper preventive measures for combating UTI. One of the most important strategies is the reduction of the use of urinary catheters. Background and objective UTI is one of the leading sources of morbidity among the elderly patients. It causes significant pain and infections of bacteria. They cause the health care cost as well as increase the duration of the patient in the hospital. Nurses play the leading role in administration of catheters to the patient. In the orthopedic ward the conditions are worse (Lai et al, 2017). The main objective of the plan includes the reduction in the use of the catheters which is the main cause of the infections. Before starting the plan, the initial step will include the measuring of the effects related to the early removal of catheters (Lo et al, 2014). The nurses can go for a pilot study in the orthopaedic unit and see if the evidence is the drop in the percentage of infections (Weiner et al, 2016). The implementation plan concerning the issue will be directed to mitigate the chances of acquiring urinary tract infections among the elderly patients during the post-operative session by means of removing the urinary catheter within 24-48 hours. Proposed strategies with rationales Empirical studies have highlighted on the issue of UTI due to bacterial colonization because of prolonged use of urinary catheter. The vulnerability of the aged patient has been fund to be even more compared to others. Qualitative studies have revealed that infection prevention guide is required to streamline the safety and efficacy of the urinary catheters when introduced in the patient group. Incorporation of a self-assessment tool has been suggested in this respect to harbor optimum outcomes (Saint et al, 2014). There have been reports of abatement of the rates of catheter associated UTIs following implementation of reminder system and adoption of infection control programs. Additionally proper use of material like that of hydrophilic coated catheter has been found to be effective in case of clean intermittent catheterization (Tenke, Kves Johansen, 2014). Research has also shown that the nurses should be well expert to guide on the aseptic conditions that should be maintained whi le the insertion of catheters (Boev Kiss, 2016). Corroborating the findings of various studies it is quite evident that reduction in rates of catheter associated UTIs is a challenging task and hence collaborative approach is essential to tackle the situation. At the orthopedic unit of the clinical setting, a round the clock monitoring system must be introduced in post operative session where the appointed nurses must take record of any possible symptoms of UTI. The written documentation of UTI must be noted on an hourly basis so that there is no missing out of information and prompt intervention may be ensued on detection. Nurses must be thorough of their duty and engage in making the catheters aseptic for the elderly patient so that infection chances are reduced. In consultation with the attending nurses and professionals of the infection control department in the hospital, the indicators for catheter associated UTI must be presented that will aid in determining the prevalence of UTI in the concerned patient population. Potential impacts and evaluation The impacts show that if the preventive measures are taken on time, then the occurrence of UTI can be avoided. The potential impacts are leading to any positive effects can be verified with the portfolios that is to be maintained and see if the rate of occurrence of the infections have decreased or not (Advani et al, 2017). Symptoms for fever, suprapubic tenderness and urinary culture examination must be noted in the process. Baseline data prior to operation for each of the admitted patents must also be noted to compare and analyze with the post operative patient condition. Final assessment will be done with respect to the reporting of the number of incidences of catheter induced UTI following the intervention after running of a pilot study. They must evaluate properly to see that the preventive strategies that are taken are followed properly (Soe et al, 2015). They must firstly evaluate the safety in handling catheter. The nurses should have the proper knowledge of the catheter use and must follow the updated version for the guideline of the use of catheter. They must see if the catheter is placed properly in patient with safety and with care (Carter et al, 2016). The potential impacts can only be inferred if there is valuable fall in the infection rates in the ward. Possible barriers and ways to overcome it If the scheduled pilot studies and the monitor studies are not done in time then that could be a possible barrier in achieving the goal that is taken. Sometimes there could be barriers in getting right amount help. In that case the persons that will be helping are the nurse clinician, nurse educator, advance practice nurse, infection control nurse. Implementation plan The evidence based project that interests me is the adoption of new protocol that can decrease the incidence of CAUTI. The project included the prevalence study with health team education and prompt communicating with the catheter insertion date and time and the removal recommendations. The implementation plan can include forming a team of experts in nursing that know the preventive plans. The team will be made after choosing the nurses through training. The authority of the hospital organization must be given responsibilities to check if the plan is being well performed. A metric should be made according to the plan. If any further issues develop during the implementation of the plans than the root cause should be made for the adjustments. The evidence based studies include the infrastructures and the resources required to implement any plan on the prevention of the infections. According to the evidence based studies from the practice state of Singapore. The key implementation plans would include (Weiner et al, 2016) Prevent the use of the indwelling catheters Use of the alternative catheters Following a detailed guidelines during administration of the catheters Evaluation and collection of the data after implementing the plan. Conclusion The quantitative study through the health conditions due to UTI can only be well prevented by taking strategies. The nurses will first set some objectives and implement a plan to work on the strategies. The plans should be performed at the scheduled time of the nurses and they must overcome all the barriers that come in way. The plan is implemented with the help of team of experts in handling and managing the catheters. Their main goal is to reduce the use of catheters or using any alternatives. My reflections I was introduced with the topic of the UTI by my teacher during the discussion on the leading cause of death in the hospitals. The teacher also explained to us that this is the main reason for the long stay of the patients in the hospitals. The teacher also said about various ways nurses can adopt rules like preventing the use of catheters. The teacher also told us that hygiene is the most important factors with the introduction of the foley bags to the patients. Initially I was really interested to know more about this topic. Then I found out that the infections can be prevented by the strategic implementation plans by the nurses. The nurses can not only assist the persons with the accurate diagnosis and the treatment but can also implement certain strategies to prevent the infections. I wanted to learn more on how to adopt preventive plans in order to remove the infections in the patients. I also understood that the plan can only be implemented if the nurses can form a team of expe rts that know the updated rules in handling catheters. I also think that nurses should bring out some time to indulge in the task of monitoring the pivot study and see if the plan that is made is standing well or not. I went through several journals available that helped me to construct the objective and then develop a strategy to form the implementation plan. The problem I faced while developing the plan was that the manual for using the alternatives of new available catheters were not given. I feel that the implementation plan made according to the guideline of the catheter use can make the prevention effective. I already have learnt that the bacteria are mostly multidrug resistant and the cure is not possible every time with antibiotics. Thus prevention is the best way to resist the infections. I think the plan must satisfy both the long term and short term goals. The plan cannot be made by any particular formula here but only by the response of the steps that are to be taken. Th us the encouragement and active participation of the team members is must. In terms of issues regarding barriers, m immediate steps need to be taken otherwise the procedure will be lengthy. The program monitoring framework should be well accountable and constructed statistically. Any kind of resources like proper guidelines and the alternative catheters if required they are to be brought by the nurses in time. I say that the plan implementation can only be made by the learning the situation first that is to be handled. The next key step should consider the regular practice of the monitoring framework that will eventually make the plan a success. References Advani, S. D., Lee, R. A., Schmitz, M., Camins, B. C. (2017). Impact of Changes to the National Healthcare Safety Network (NHSN) Definition on Catheter-Associated Urinary Tract Infection (CAUTI) Rates in Intensive Care Units at an Academic Medical Center.Infection Control Hospital Epidemiology,38(5), 621-623. Bellamy, N. (2016). 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